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Learning Styles
Lindsay Stuhlma= n
Lindsay Stuhlma= n
“Live
as if you were to die tomorrow.
Learn
as if you were to live forever.”
Mahatma Gandhi
![](3D"master03_background.jpg")
Contents
•Overview
on Learning Theory
•VAK
Learning Styles
•Multiple
Intelligences
•Websites
•References
Constructivist (Learning) Theory
&#=
8226;This theory is attributed to psychol=
ogist
Jean Paiget.
&#=
8226;Jean Paiget suggested that through t=
he
process of ac=
comodation
and assimilation, we all gain new understandings through experiences.
&#=
8226;“Accomodation is the process of
reframing one’s mental representation of the external world to fit new experiences.”
&#=
8226;“Assimilation occurs when
individuals experiences are aligned with their internal representation of the
world.”
Constructivist (Learning) Theory Continued…
•What does all this mean?
<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF'>–In lay terms the processes of assimilation =
means that as humans we categorize new information by looking at what we already <=
/span>know and making a judgment concerning the <=
/span>new information based upon our previous knowledge.
We also learn from our failures, this is the process of accommodation.
VAK Learning Styles
•<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF'>There are three main categories involved with the VAK Learning
Styles.
•<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF'>These categories are:
<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF;visibility:hidden'>•
•=
Visual Learners
<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF;visibility:hidden'>•
•=
Auditory Learners
<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF;visibility:hidden'>•
•<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF'>Kinesthetic Learners
Visual Learners
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:114%;color:#CCCCFF'>•There
are two c=
ategories
of visual l=
earners:
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:117%;color:#CCCCFF'>–Visual-linguistic
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:117%;color:#CCCCFF'>–Visual-spatial
<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF'>•Visual-linguistic
<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF'>•Visual-spatial
Auditory Learners
•Learn through listening
•Auditory learners learn best through verbal lectures, discussions, talking with others =
about problems, and listening to others.
•Benefit greatly from tape recording a lecture or discussion
Kinesthetic Learners
•Learn with th=
eir
hands.
•This means they learn by doing things, touching things, and moving things.
•These individuals tend to lose interest in =
something if there is no movement or external stimulation.
As a student how do I use this information?
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:86%;color:#CCCCFF'>–When
choosing a class be sure to choose one taught by a professor who uses graphs, charts,=
and
pictures to help
you learn new concepts.
As a tutor how do I use this =
information?
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:88%;color:#CCCCFF;mso-color-index:6'>•If you are tutorin=
g a
student who is a visual learner, use lots of different colors when
writing things, use visual aids to convey a concept, etc.
<=
/span>
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:88%;color:#CCCCFF;mso-color-index:6'>•If you are tutorin=
g a
student who is an auditory learner, explain concepts very thoroughly,
use music, etc.
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:88%;color:#CCCCFF;mso-color-index:6'>•If you are tutorin=
g a
student who is a kinesthetic learner find ways to involve them in the
concepts, like making a collage, do experiments, have them write or make thin=
gs
relating to the subject, etc.
Multiple Intelligences
&#=
8226;Verbal/Linguistic
=
&#=
8226;Logical/Mathematical
&#=
8226;Visual/Spatial
&#=
8226;Musical/Rhythmic
<=
/div>
• Interpersonal
• Intrapersonal
&#=
8226;Bodily/Kinesthetic
&#=
8226;Naturalist
Verbal/Linguistic
•Do well with words and language, either spoken or written.
•These people tend to be good at writing, and usually have an extensive vocabulary.
<=
/span>
•Skills:
–“Listening, speaking, writing, story telling=
, explaining, teaching, using humor…remembering information, convincing someone of their point of view, and analyzing language usage.”
Logical/Mathematical
•Do well with logic, numbers, and the abstract.
•“These learners think conceptually in logic =
and numerical patterns making connections <=
/span>between pieces of information.”
<=
/span>
•Skills:
–“Problem solving, classifying and categorizi=
ng information, working with abstract concepts to figure out the relationship of each to the other, =
questioning and wondering about natural events, etc.”
Visual/Spatial
•Deals with visual perception and spatial judgment.
•When thinking see pictures in their head, <=
/span>create pictures to remember information.
•Skills:
–“Puzzle building, reading, writing, <=
/span>understanding charts and graphs, a good sense of direction, sketching, painting, creating visual=
metaphors and analogies, etc.”
Musical/Rhythmic
•Deals with hearing.
•These learners think in terms of sound, rhythm, and patterns.
•Skills:
–“singing, whistling, playing musical =
instruments, recognizing total patterns, composing music, remembering melodies, understanding the structure and rhythm of <=
/span>music.”
Bodily/Kinesthetic
•<=
/span>Are able to use the body by move=
ment (doing something) to help aid in
learning.
•<=
/span>Express self through movement=
3;
•<=
/span>Learn by actively doing
something.
•<=
/span>Skills:
–<=
/span>“dancing, physical
co-ordination, sports, hands on experimentation, using body language, =
crafts, acting, miming, using th=
eir
hands to create
or build…”
Naturalist
•Likes being in nature
•Recognize, categorize, and draw =
upon features of the environment.
=
;
•“The core of the naturalist
intelligence is the human ability to recognize plants, animals, and other parts of the natural
environment, like clouds or rocks.”
Interpersonal
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:88%;color:#CCCCFF;mso-color-index:6'>•Have the ability to
relate to and understand others.
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:86%;color:#CCCCFF;mso-color-index:6'>–“Seeing thin=
gs
from other perspectives, listening, using empathy, understan=
ding
other people’s moods and feelings, counseling, co-operating with
groups, noticing people’s moods, motivations, and intentions, communicating both
verbally and non-verbally, building trust…”
Intrapersonal
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:88%;color:#CCCCFF;mso-color-index:6'>•Self-reflective and
aware of inner state of being
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:86%;color:#CCCCFF;mso-color-index:6'>–“Recognizing=
their
own strengths and weaknesses, reflecting and analyzing themselves,
awareness of their inner feelings, desires and dreams, evaluating their thinking patterns,
reasoning with themselves, understanding their role in relationship =
to
others.”
Possible Career Paths
•<=
/span>Verbal/Linguistic
–<=
/span>poet, journalist, writer, teache=
r,
lawyer
•<=
/span>Logical/Mathematical
=
–<=
/span>scientist, engineer,
mathematician
•<=
/span>Visual/Spatial
–<=
/span>navigator, sculptor, visual arti=
st,
inventor
•<=
/span>Musical/Rhythmic
–<=
/span>musician, disc jockey, singer,
composer
<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF;mso-color-index:6'>–athlete, phys. education teacher, firefighter
<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF;mso-color-index:6'>–biologist, geologist, botanist, zoologist
<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF;mso-color-index:6'>–counselor, sales person, politician
<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF;mso-color-index:6'>–researcher, theorist, philosopher
As a student how do I use this <=
/span>information?
<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF;mso-color-index:6'>•Knowing your intelligence helps you better understand yourself, which in tu=
rn can
help you
better understand others.
<=
span
style=3D'color:#CCCCFF;mso-color-index:6'>• Knowing y=
our
intelligence can also help you decide which teacher (or tutor) to choose.
As a tutor how can I use this information?
•Knowing yourself and understandi=
ng yourself makes you a better
tutor.
•Knowing a students intelligence =
(personality) can help you under=
stand
how to
help each individual on a personal level.=
Not
everyone learns the same or has the same personality, so there is no “one size fits all” tutoring situati=
on.
Links to intelligence and
learning st= yles tests
learning st= yles tests
•http://www.mitest.com/o7inte~1.htm
References
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